Tuesday, April 30, 2013

Teacher Motivation and Merit Pay


While researching for my position paper, I came across a study called “Incentive Pay Programs Do Not Affect Teacher Motivation or Reported Practices.” The researchers in this study surveyed teachers who were part of the following incentive pay programs across the nation: Project on Incentives in Teaching (POINT), Team Incentives (PPTI), and School-Wide Performance Bonus Program (SPBP). Although the three programs differed in program design, they all rewarded teachers on the basis of student achievement gains.

By interviewing the teachers, the study aimed to address important questions regarding merit pay programs- a) did teachers find incentive programs to be motivating? b) In response to the implementation of the programs, did teachers report changes in their practices or their working conditions?

Interestingly, the researchers found that teachers who participated in this study did not find their incentive programs as motivating, did not have high expectancy that their personal efforts would lead to student achievement gains, and did not see the opportunity as worthy of changing their behaviors. Thus, all three incentive programs had little impact on teachers’ instructional practices.

Before reading this article, I considered the absence of credible teacher evaluation systems to be a major barrier to incentive pay programs. Although this may be true, this article made me realize that teachers’ acceptability of reform is critical to success of all merit pay programs. If the ultimate goal of merit pay programs is to increase teacher effectiveness and student outcomes, then more attention needs to be given to factors that contribute to the lack of changes in instruction among teachers who participate in merit pay programs. First, it is important to examine why teachers lack motivation to achieve program goals. Second, it is important to not undermine teachers’ intrinsic motivation and existing accountability pressure, which may have stronger motivational effect on teachers than financial incentives. Third, and most importantly, it is critical to realize that teachers might not be equipped with the knowledge and skills required to improve student achievement. In other words, teachers in these incentive programs were not necessary lacking in motivation, but may have lacked resources. The teachers may have done best to improve student achievement if there were additional professional development or other capacity building mechanisms added to the merit pay program.

In conclusion, even though it is important that there has to be more studies examining and comparing the benefits of traditional salary system and merit pay plans, it is equally important to consider redesigning of other components of already existing merit pay plans. 

Article: Incentive Pay Programs Do Not Affect Teacher Motivation or Reported Practices : Results From Three Randomized Studies

1 comment:

Laura said...

I too researched merit-based pay for my paper. However, I looked at performance pay through the lens of teacher retention, rather than teacher motivation. Similarly, I found research supporting the fact that the majority of teachers are not motivated by merit-based pay. Teachers don't "do it for the money," teachers work hard for the students.

I think that one of the strongest points you make is that teachers "were not necessary lacking in motivation, but may have lacked resources." In my final paper, I discussed the importance of building stronger mentorship programs for new teachers and better school climates if we want to keep teachers in schools. As many of us know, it's incredibly hard to stay motivated with unsupportive administrators, colleagues and a poor/negative school culture. To motivate (and retain) teachers, we need to shift the focus of school reform to bettering work environments in schools.