Friday, July 6, 2012

NCLB Left Behind


        Today, the Department of Education announced that it has granted waivers releasing two more states – Washington and Wisconsin – from key provisions of the decade-old No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). With these waivers, Secretary Duncan has now relieved 26 states from meeting NCLB’s goal of making all students proficient in math and reading by 2014. To earn a waiver, states are required to set new targets aimed at preparing students for colleges and careers and base teacher evaluations, in part, on test scores.
        Maryland earned a NCLB waiver earlier this year by setting annual measurable objectives (AMOs) for the coming six years. By 2017, all schools are expected to cut their percentage of non-proficient students, overall and by subgroup, in half. Additionally, a new School Performance Index takes into account achievement, gap, and growth measures, an improvement from NCLB’s exclusive emphasis on proficiency. Maryland’s agreement also rewards schools that make progress. Whether the incentives motivate schools to improve remains to be seen, but any positive reinforcement seems to be a welcome departure from NCLB’s emphasis on what’s not working.
        Though these waivers represent a bold maneuver to advance the administration’s education agenda, something had to be done. For the 2010-11 school year, nearly half of schools across the nation failed to meet adequate yearly progress (AYP). And that rate was even higher in states like Virginia (61%) and Massachusetts (80%). When AYP status becomes meaningless and Congress fails to re-authorize NCLB, the policy needs to be adjusted, and that is exactly what Duncan has done. Though House Republicans are calling the waivers an abuse of executive power, many of the states they represent have applied for one.
        Montgomery County Schools Superintendent Joshua Starr doesn’t believe waivers do much to shift education reform, but I question the notion that a major policy shift is what we need. The law certainly needs tweaking, but much of NCLB’s failure has been attributed to flawed implementation. States have set standards too low and written poor assessments, causing a narrowing of the curriculum. Teachers and school leaders – some right here in Baltimore – have cheated on tests. But despite flawed implementation, the ‘big idea’ behind NCLB – accountability for results from our public schools – is tremendously important. Let’s not forget that NCLB’s requirement to disaggregate achievement data holds schools more accountable for the education of the poor and minority children we teach. And let’s not step back from testing accountability altogether just because it’s put pressure on the system. We need to sustain this push for accountability over time and maintain bold expectations for our schools.
        Duncan’s waivers may force some real progress here in Baltimore. The administration’s Blueprint for Reform focuses the most attention on the bottom five percent of low-performing schools, some of which are here in Baltimore. Though this will relax some of the sanctions our schools faced under NCLB, these schools will still be expected to meet annual performance objectives. If our high-poverty schools see real rewards for results, perhaps leaving NCLB behind in favor of fresh accountability measures can close gaps for Baltimore's students.

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